Electromagnetic Spectrum Tables

   

The entire electromagnetic spectrum plays an important role in the semiconductor industry. Modern communications equipment that transmit and receive radio or microwaves, as well as encode and decode information, benefit from a multitude of IC's designed to do these things or support them in one way or another.

             

 

Light emitting diodes (LED's) and laser IC's employ luminescence, or emission of optical radiation as a result of electronic excitation, to perform their intended functions. X-rays and gamma rays are vital to many analytical techniques and manufacturing steps used in the industry today.  The tables below present the characteristics of the various bands in the electromagnetic spectrum. 

        

Table 1. Full Electromagnetic Spectrum Table

Electromagnetic Wave

Energy E (eV)

Frequency F (Hz)

Wavelength λ (µm)

Long Electrical Oscillation

E < 10-10

F < 104

λ > 1010

Radio Waves

10-11 < E < 10-5

103 < F < 109

1011 > λ > 106

Microwaves

10-6 < E < 10-3

109 < F < 1012

106 > λ > 103

Infrared Rays

10-3 < E < 2

1012 < F < 5x1014

103 > λ > 0.77

Visible Light

2 < E < 3

4x1014 < F < 8x1014

0.77 > λ > 0.39

Ultraviolet Rays

3 < E < 103

7x1014 < F < 3x1017

0.39 > λ > 0.01

X-Rays

102 < E < 106

1016 < F < 1021

0.1 > λ > 10-7

Gamma Rays

104 < E < 108

1018 < F < 1023

10-4 > λ > 10-8

Cosmic Rays

E > 108

F > 1022

λ < 10-7

               

Table 2. Optical Radiation Spectrum Table

Optical Radiation

Wavelength λ (µm)

Extreme Infrared

40 < λ < 1000

Far Infrared

6 < λ < 40

Medium Infrared

1.5 < λ < 6

Near Infrared

0.77 < λ < 1.5

Red

0.622 < λ < 0.770

Orange

0.597 < λ < 0.622

Yellow

0.577 < λ < 0.597

Green

0.492 < λ < 0.577

Blue

0.455 < λ < 0.492

Violet

0.390 < λ < 0.455

Near Ultraviolet

0.30 < λ < 0.39

Far Ultraviolet

0.20 < λ < 0.30

Extreme Ultraviolet

0.01 < λ < 0.20

        

Table 3. Radio Wave Spectrum Table

Band Name

Acronym

Frequency

Wavelength

Extremely Low Frequency

ELF

3-30 Hz

100,000 km - 10,000 km

Super Low Frequency

SLF

30–300 Hz

10,000 km – 1000 km

Ultra Low Frequency

ULF

300–3000 Hz

1000 km – 100 km

Very Low Frequency

VLF

3–30 kHz

100 km – 10 km

Low Frequency

LF

30–300 kHz

10 km – 1 km

Medium Frequency

MF

300–3000 kHz

1 km – 100 m

High Frequency

HF

3–30 MHz

100 m – 10 m

Very High Frequency

VHF

30–300 MHz

10 m – 1 m

Ultra High Frequency

UHF

300–3000 MHz

1 m – 100 mm

Super High Frequency

SHF

3–30 GHz

100 mm – 10 mm

Extremely High Frequency

EHF

30–300 GHz

10 mm – 1 mm

   

See Also:  Electroluminescence

  

 
 
 

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